System of electrical regulation



(No Model.)

W. STANLEY, Jr.

SYSTEM OF ELECTRICAL REGULATION. No. 372,942. Patented Nov. 8, 1887.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICEO \VILLIAM STANLEY, JR, OF PITTSBURG, PENNSYLVANIA.

SYSTEM OF ELECTRICAL REGULATION.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent. No. 372,942, dated November 8. 1887.

Application filed August 22, 1885. Serial No. 175,045. (No model.)

To aZZ whom it may concern: be heatedabout to redness, or to such a point Be itknown that I, \VILLIAM STANLEY, Jr., that its resistance will readily vary with a citizen of the United States, residing in the changes of temperature, and will then have city of Pittsburg, in the county of Allegheny a resistance equivalent to that of the lamp for 55 and State of Pennsylvania, have invented cerwhich it is substituted. If then, when one or tain new and useful Improvements in Systems more of the resistancelamps are in circuit, of Electric Lighting, of which the following is there should be an increase in the currentflowa full and exact specification. ing in the main, the temperature of the car- -In other applications filed of even date herebon in the resistancelamp will at once he in- 6o 10 with I have described a method of regulation creased and its resistance correspondingly to be applied to a system of electrical distrilowered, so that an increased proportion of bution, in which incandescent electric lamps the current will pass through it. This in turn are located in groups of branch circuits in se produces a further increase of temperature ries to each other, the lamps in each group and decrease of resistance until all the current [5 being in parallel are to each other. In such above the normal amount passes through the a system all the current from the generator of resistance-lamp to the relief of the illuminatelectricity passes through each group of lamps ing-lamps still in circuit. Should there be a and a part of it inversely proportional to the dangerous increase of current in the main number of lamps through each lamp in a while all the illuminating-lamps in agroup are 20 group. in circuit, the weakest carbon will be first In case of the throwing out of circuit of one broken, the corresponding resistance lamp or morelampsin agroup, theremaininglamps substituted for it, and the remaining illumiare liable to be broken by reason of the innating-lamps relieved by the shunting action creased amount of current passing through of the resistance-lamp. 2 5 them. This I have provided for in the devices I have illustrated suitable devices for cardescribed in the applications above referred to rying my invention into effect in the drawings, by substituting an equivalent resistance for in which L L represent two parts of a divided each lamp thrown out of circuit. Lamps are main conductor, between which are branch also liable to be broken in case of an increase circuits .1; x m 00, in which are included in- 30 in the quantity of current flowing through the candescentlamps Z Z Z Z. In each of the cirline. To obviate this danger is the object of cuits m is an electro-magnet, M, having a pivmy present improvement, and I accomplish oted armature f conducting material, which, this object by substituting for each lamp that when not sust; ined by the attraction of the is thrown out of circuit sucha resistance that, magnet, closes and forms part of a circuit 35 in case of an increased flow of current, thcinin which is included a resistancelamp, B. So crease will pass through the resistance rather long as the illuminatinglamps are in circuit than through the illuminating lamps in cirthe armatures are upheld by the magnets; but cuit, and so leave the latter intact. when any lamp-circuit is broken the armature It is well known that theresistanceof a carof the magnet falls and closes the circuit 40 bon filament decreases as its temperature inthrough the corresponding resistance-lamp.

creases, and I make application of this prin- \Vhile the illuminatirig-lamps in a group ciple in carrying out my invention. For each may be somewhat widely separated-as all the illuminating incandescent lamp in circuit I lamps in a building, forexample, may be inprovide in aseparate circuit a resistance-lamp cluded in one groupthe corresponding resist- 45 and suitable mechanism for automatically putance-la-mps may, if desired, be located toting in circuit the corresponding resistancegether at a convenient place, and when in a lamp when an illuminating-lamp is thrown out state of incandescence will by their appearofcircuit or broken. The current which before ance indicate what members of the group of passed through the illuminating-lamp will illuminating-lamps are out of circuit. The r00 50 then pass through the carbon of the resistanceconductors leading from the respective resistlamp, which is so proportioned that it will ance-lamps R RR It are united in a conwill stay in its forward position by reason of ductor, 3 leading to the conductor L. In this conductor y there is included an electromagnet, E, provided with an armature, A. This armature is normally held back by a spring, 0, and will be drawn to its elcctroniagnet only when the latter is traversed by a current resultin g from currents through all the resistancelamps R R R R. A contact-point, l3, upon the lever A is provided with front contactsprings, c, and these are respectively con nected with the conductors L and L, so that when the several resistance-lamps B have all been brought into circuit the electro-magnet E will be vitalized and a short circuit co1npleted through the conductors thus cut ting out the entire station. The lever A the pressure of the springs c.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1' The combination, substantially as hereinbefore set forth, of two supply-eonductors, incandescent electric lamps included in multiple are between the same, an artificial resistance circuit for each of said lamps normally open 'ith reference thereto, devices included in the respective circuits of the lights for completing the respective circuits upon the cessation of the normal current through the lamps, and an electromagnetic cut-outineluded in circuit with all of said artificial resistance-cireuits and serving when operated to complete a short circuit between the conductors, substantially as described.

2. The combination, substantially as hereinbefore set forth, ol'twosupply-conductors, electric lights included in multiple are between the same, a conductor leading from one of the supply-conductors, an electro-magnetineluded in said conductor, branch conductors leading from said conductor, artificial resistances included in the respective branch conductors, means for connecting the respective branch conductors with the remaining supply-couductors, and a short circuit between said supply-conductors closed by the action 01' said elcctro-niagnet.

\VIL'LIA'M STANLEY, JR.

\Vitnesses:

F. N. DJGLAND, "W. H. Mausrrnrn. 

